Introduction
Are you working on a fund-raising plan—or planning to?
When seeking to construct a plan for a fund-raising campaign, the persons charged by their non-profit organizations with that responsibility often ask for a plan “boilerplate,” or a “template,” thinking that such models could be directly and wholly adapted to their situation.
However, it is not that simple. Since each campaign plan should be determined by the objectives, costs, resources, priorities, responsibilities and timelines emanating from the long-range, strategic plan, it is obvious that a “one-size-fits-all” fund-raising campaign plan document can only be used in a broad and general way. Refinement, flexibility, and consensus, are but a few of the components which each plan must accommodate and they are unique from one organization to another.
This article can help you to adapt the guides and outlines provided so that you can develop your own general development plan and specific fund-raising campaign plans.
Planning Is Everything
A fund-raising campaign must be:
- A plan,
- Within a plan,
- Within a plan.
Each campaign plan works within the general development plan, which in turn must fit into the organization’s strategic plan—with the Mission Statement being the “center of it all.”
Deviate from this hierarchy of plans and you invite chaos. A campaign plan that is not in accord with the general development plan may make its goal, but it may also “poison the well” for other fund-raising efforts. A general development plan that has not been created within the context of an organization’s strategic plan may outline a valid theory for acquiring contributed income, but it will probably lack the content necessary for successful implementation.
The Road Map To Success
A strategic plan is an organization’s blueprint for carrying out its mission statement. It is initiated, implemented, and periodically reviewed by an organization’s staff and board. The process of strategic planning, although it is out of the purview of this article, is a critically important element of successful management. Volumes have been written on the topic and any bookstore with a strong business and management section will have more than a few feet of shelf space devoted to the subject. I urge you to develop an understanding of the process and to make sure your organization has a strategic plan which it revisits annually.
A strategic plan, which should cover at least three years, is a prerequisite for establishing, first, a general development plan effort and, subsequently, specific fund-raising campaigns. It identifies institutional priorities, plots a course for achieving goals and objectives, lays out performance assessment, and provides for mid-course corrections.
It is the first step in establishing an organization’s budget. Knowing what is to be done and how it will be accomplished allows cost to be determined. Then, income can be balanced against expenses. The shortfall—the amount you plan to spend minus anticipated income—is the operational deficit. It represents the money the organization will have to raise, usually through contributed income, to balance its budget.
A general development plan identifies how and from what sources an organization will acquire and maximize contributed income. It encompasses all potential sources, identifies the tactics which will be used, and communicates that information to the organization’s staff, volunteers, and influential supporters. Like the strategic plan, it is a living document subject to periodic review and updating. Usually, the person charged with the responsibility for managing the process of achieving contributed income will write the plan, in collaboration with the organization’s director and the board development committee—if one has been established. If a standing development committee has not yet been named, the board as a whole or a temporary committee will have to exercise oversight responsibility. The general development plan is applicable to any organization, although each of the points would need to be adapted and augmented to fit a specific organization.
Developing Your Own Fund-Raising Plan
You can construct your fund-raising plan by reviewing several plan outlines and articles from my website which I feel confident can be adapted to your needs.
- Worksheets and Forms Library There in the Planning For Fund-Raising section you will see several specific outlines of plans.
- While termed a “contract,” the following document can be adjusted to simply change the consultant’s duties to those of staff or volunteers. And while related to an Annual Fund, the document can be revised to develop any type of campaign plan. Consulting Agreement For An Annual Fund Campaign
- As well, a good way to “coarse-tune” your plan, is to review your capabilities to the components cited in my article: Check Out Your Organization’s Fund-Raising Readiness And Learn The Secret Of Fund-Raising Success. The checklist contains 41 key affirmations I believe a non-profit organization must be able to make before planning and conducting a fund-raising campaign. How many will you able to claim as true for your organization? When you have gone through the entire list, I suggest that you reread it to make sure you understand each affirmation. The points on the checklist are synopses. Don’t let their brevity get in the way of developing a full understanding of what they represent. On top of that you should evaluate their relevance to your particular situation, look for ways to maximize their effectiveness and value for you, and consider adaptations and adjustments that better tune them to your organization. That will be the substance of your fund-raising plan.
- With Major Gifts Campaign Checklist, you can amplify and adapt each of the “nuts & bolts” affirmations to aid in the construction of your plan.
Building Consensus
Well thought-out plans are necessary for successful fund-raising, but the best-laid plans will come to naught if an organization’s leaders have not arrived at a consensus to raise money. The paid head of the organization, the board chairperson, key staff members, trustees, other volunteers, and advisory group members all need to agree with fund-raising goals and the plan for achieving those goals.
This is not the place to explore the techniques of consensus building. It is one of the hotter topics in the management community, and a trip to your local bookstore or library will turn up a plethora of books on the subject. Suffice it to say, consensus building is involvement. Consensus for any program of action is rarely achieved without involving in the program’s design those from whom you are seeking the consensus.
Successful fund-raising relies heavily on trustee involvement. Trustees should be a fundraising campaign’s donors and solicitors of first resort. They must be an active part of the consensus-building process. Use your trustee development committee to develop overall fund-raising strategy, tactics, and initiatives and to plan specific campaigns. Key staff members should also be involved in formulating general fund-raising strategy and tactics. If the people in charge of delivering the programs and services of an organization are not in agreement with the process of soliciting contributed income, they will not be effective advocates for fund-raising efforts.
Then there are those, such as volunteer solicitors, who sign on for a fund-raising campaign. They play important roles, but by choice limit their involvement. A solicitor is not as fully engaged in a campaign as the campaign chairperson. It is unlikely that solicitors would take part in the formulation of campaign plans. However, you must win their consensus to carry out the campaign.
Hold Nothing Back
Two words describe what I have found to be the key in achieving consensus among volunteers, staff, and others involved in designing, executing or supporting fund-raising efforts: full disclosure.
If you are the person putting a campaign together, inform everyone about its goals, how it will be carried out, and the roles, responsibilities, and relationships of all involved, and do it early in the process as possible. Never, ever think in terms of managing a person’s need to know.
If you are a staff member, trustee, or volunteer, demand to know the fund-raising plan in its entirety from the beginning. Never, ever accept the answer, “That’s something you won’t be working on. You don’t need to worry about it.” If you are expending the time and effort to work on a fund-raising campaign, you want it to have every opportunity for success. An organization that doles out fund-raising information on a need-to-know basis is an organization that is severely hampering its own efforts. Frequent and detailed reports need to be issued to everyone involved in a fundraising campaign.
Addendum: Your Campaigns:
- Fitting Annual, Endowment, Capital, and Sponsorship & Underwriting Campaigns Into Your Organization’s Plans and Making Them “Sing”
- Annual Campaigns: Once a Year Every Year
- Endowment Funds Go On Forever — An Endowment Campaign Should Not
- Capital Campaigns: Building For Now
- Sponsorships And Underwriting Campaigns: Would You Please Fund Our …?
Meera: Thank you. I am pleased that the fund-raising planning article is of use. The plan leads to the raising of money from likely prospects only you can identify from sources available to you. As with the Gates Foundation, looking either distant, or in your area, research through directories at your local library and from the Foundation Center’s directory.
http://foundationcenter.org/sitemap.html
See the section: “Identify Funding Sources”
You begin, however, in this way as you and your colleagues think about:
–those who are personally touched, inspired, and motivated by the organization’s programs and services;
–those who, while not personally touched by the organization, are influenced and impressed by what it does. If you are going to be a successful fund-raiser, you need to know who cares about your organization and who shares your belief that it benefits the community.
Then, you start with your Board of Trustees. Always. To give at the best of their ability, to identify and rate prospects and personally solicit them. More often than not, in situations where there is no history of giving, hence no donor/prospect database, trustees solicit their families, friends, colleagues, vendors, in short anyone who would give them money simply because they asked, not necessarily because they know the organization, or even if they care about.
–Your own identified constituencies—those whom you know care about what you do. You begin rating prospects by establishing a database of caring and financially capable individuals. This list will be generated from your organization’s past fund-raising experience, and suggestions of new prospects from participants in rating meetings.
–A donor file could have records of stock ownership, real estate holdings, salary data, business and career histories, family “tree” information, etc.
–Research your constituencies to directors of public corporations for those connections. That information is readily available in libraries. corporate annual reports, etc.
–Compare your constituencies to the individuals holding decision-making positions for private foundations as their attorneys, trust officers, etc.
–Look for any of your supporters who are making gifts considerably larger to other non-profit organizations than they give to you and determine how you could be as well favored.
–Gather Annual Reports from organizations similar to yours and review their listings of donors as potential donors to your HIV prevention cause.
Its a good document that guides the fresher to have a clear idea about fund raising process. I would like to know, who are the possible donors for HIV prevention programs apart from Gates foundation who can fund the Community Based Organisations(Sex workers). Requesting you to provide me some links of possible donors.
Thanks